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1.中药及天然药物研究所 / 中药现代化与创新药物研究国际合作联合实验室 / 暨南大学药学院,广东 广州 510632
2.广州药本君安医药科技股份有限公司,广东 广州 510663
3.广东省中药药效物质基础与创新药物研究重点实验室 / 生物活性分子与成药性优化全国重点实验室 / 暨南大学,广东 广州 510632
Received:29 December 2025,
Revised:2026-04-14,
Accepted:21 April 2026,
Online First:2026-05,
移动端阅览
Huang Nengneng, Liu Lujie, Zhou Yehao, et al. Design and synthesis of
Huang Nengneng, Liu Lujie, Zhou Yehao, et al. Design and synthesis of
以刚性萘环替代柔性的、具环外端头双键的反式十氢萘环,柔性的链状α,β-不饱和酰胺替代α,β-不饱和-γ-丁内酯结构,设计合成了25个杂合体作为穿心莲内酯的分子结构外形相似化合物
AG-S
n
(
n
=1~25),11步反应的总收率为29%~35%。所有杂合体化合物均为新化合物。利用MTT法检测了杂合体化合物的抗肿瘤活性。实验结果揭示,α,β-不饱和酰胺结构对杂合体化合物的抗癌活性有重要影响。酰胺键氮原子上具有刚性的、位阻大、高张力取代基的杂合体化合物包括
AG-S2
、
AG-S4、AG-S5、AG-S6、AG-S7
、
AG-S16
与穿心莲内酯(
AG
)一样,对大鼠胶质瘤细胞(C6)、人肝癌细胞(HepG-2)、人结肠腺癌细胞(Caco2)、人恶性黑色素瘤细胞(A-375)和人乳腺癌细胞(MDA-MB-231)均有良好的抗肿瘤活性,显示出广谱的抗癌活性。其中,杂合体化合物
AG-S2
对C6的抗癌活性最为突出,其IC
50
值为(0.9±0.2) μmol/L,比
AG
高出10倍;这6个化合物对HepG-2的抑制活性均高于
AG
。构效关系研究揭示,α,β-不饱和酰胺键氮原子双取代的杂合体化合物一般具有更好的抗癌活性。以上结果显示,分子结构外形相似性方法是寻找候选新药分子的有效途径。
Twenty-five hybrids as andrographolide(
AG
) molecular structural form similaritity analogues
AG-S
n
(
n
=1-25) were designed and synthesized,where the flexible
trans
-decahydronaphthalene with exocyclic double bond moiety of
AG
was replaced by rigid naphthalene ring,and α,β-unsaturated-γ-butyrolactone was replaced by flexible linear α,β-unsaturated amide. The total yield of these 11-step reactions was 29%-35%. All hybrids are reported here for the first time. The experimental results revealed that the α,β-unsaturated amide scaffold significantly influences the anticancer activity of these hybrids. Just the same as
AG
,hybrids with rigidity,high steric hindrance,and high-tension substituents on the nitrogen atom of amide bond including
AG-S2
,
AG-S4,AG-S5,AG-S6,AG-S7
,and
AG-S16
were demonstrated with good antitumor activity against rat glioma cells(C6),human liver cancer cells(HepG-2),human colon adenocarcinoma cells(Caco2),human malignant melanoma cells(A-375),and human breast cancer cells(MDA-MB-231),exhibiting broad-spectrum anticancer activity. Among them,compound
AG-S2
exhibits the most prominent anticancer activity against C6,with an IC
50
value of(0.9±0.2) μmol/L,which is 10-fold more active than that of
AG
. All these six compounds were indicated with higher inhibitory activity on HepG-2 cells than that of
AG
. The structure-activity relationship(SAR) study reveals that hybrids with α,β-unsaturated amide bonds with double substitutions on nitrogen atom generally exhibit better anticancer activity. All the above results indicate that molecular structural form similarity is an effective way to search for new drug candidates.
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