图1 ttk基因的开放阅读框预测
纸质出版日期:2023-03-25,
网络出版日期:2022-11-08,
收稿日期:2022-07-08,
录用日期:2022-08-05
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ttk基因转录产物为重要的转录因子,可以调控生物体的发育、分化、性行为等。本研究从自建的转录组数据库中比对到一条来源于白背飞虱(Sogatella furcifera)ttk的cDNA序列,全长为1 657 bp,其开放阅读框序列为1 377 bp,编码由458个氨基酸组成的蛋白质,具有典型的BTB结构域和锌指结构。系统进化树显示白背飞虱ttk与六星灯蛾(Zygaena filipendulae)、温带臭虫(Cimex lectularius)和褐飞虱(Nilaparvata lugens)的同源性较近。定量检测结果显示,ttk在1龄若虫期含量较高,2龄则下降到较低的水平,从3龄开始,随着龄期的增长,表达量则逐渐增加,到5龄若虫时,ttk表达量是3龄若虫的2倍多。这是第一次详细报道白背飞虱ttk基因的结构和表达水平,为今后进一步研究该基因的具体生物学功能提供了基础。
Tramtrack(ttk) gene transcription products are important transcription factors, which can regulate the development, differentiation and sexual behavior of organisms. In this study, a 1 657 bp cDNA sequence of ttk was identified from the transcriptome database of Sogatella furcifera. The open reading frame is 1 377 bp in length and encodes a protein composed of 458 amino acids. It has a typical BTB domain and a zinc finger structure. The phylogenetic tree shows that ttk of S. furcifera is closely homologous to that of Zygaena filipendulae, Cimex lectularius and Nilaparvata lugens. Quantitative detection results showed that the transcriptional level of ttk was higher in the 1st instar nymphs, but decreased to a lower level in the 2nd instar nymphs. From the 3rd instar, ttk expression increased gradually with instar growth, and at the 5th instar nymphs, ttk expression was more than twice as high as that in the 3rd instar nymphs. This is the first in detail investigation on ttk gene structure of white backed planthopper, and the results provide a foundation for further and function and regulation study of ttk gene, in the growth and development of rice planthopper in the future.
tramtrack(ttk);
Sogatella furcifera;
nymph;
gene expression
ttk为tramtrack的简写,最早是在果蝇中发现的(
白背飞虱(Sogatella furcifera)为水稻重要害虫,属昆虫纲、半翅目、飞虱科(
白背飞虱采自广州周边的水稻田,在实验室条件下[温度(28±2) ℃、相对湿度70%、光周期为16 h光照∶8 h黑暗]。已连续饲养繁殖多代。选取不同龄期的若虫各10头,冻存在-80 ℃的冰箱中待用。
我们以白背飞虱为材料测序获得的转录组数据在NCBI的登录号为SRP192671。根据注释,在转录组数据中找到包含有白背飞虱 ttk 基因的序列片段,序列号c53168_c4_g1_i3,长度为1 657 bp。
ttk的开放阅读框序列使用NCBI 的 ORF finder(https://www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/orffinder/)网上软件进行分析。
通过BLAST工具搜索白背飞虱ttk的同源序列,并使用Mega 7软件通过NJ法绘制进化树图谱。
白背飞虱ttk的保守结构域的预测是基于NCBI的网上保守结构域数据库进行的。具体网址为:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/cdd/wrpsb.cgi。
从各个龄期若虫样品中利用 Trizol 试剂盒提取总RNA,然后按照反转录试剂盒PrimeScript™ RT Master Mix(TaKaRa,日本)的说明书指引进行cDNA的反转录合成,接着使用软件Primer Premier 5. 0设计ttk的特异引物
F:TCCTGGTTTGAAATCCCTT,
R:CAACTCACCATCGCACAAT,
内参基因为β-actin(NCBI的登录号为NC_004354.4),实验采用SYBR green qRT-PCR方法,重复3次。使用2-ΔΔCt法处理实验结果,SPSS 26软件进行统计分析。
对包含ttk序列的白背飞虱c53168_c4_g1_i3片段进行开放阅读框在线分析。结果表明,共发现16个开放阅读框,其中最大的一个开放阅读框长度为1 377 bp,编码458个氨基酸(
图1 ttk基因的开放阅读框预测
Fig.1 Open reading frame prediction of ttk gene
结果表明白背飞虱 ttk 基因的开放阅读框序列与许多昆虫的ttk序列同源度较高,且和相近的水稻害虫褐飞虱的同源性最高。对来源于15种昆虫的 ttk蛋白序列,用Mega 7进行同源度相关分析(
学名 | 登录号 |
---|---|
Nilaparvata lugens | XM_039439950.1 |
Cimex lectularius | XM_014388728.2 |
Phalera bucephala | LR990617.1 |
Chelonus insularis | XM_035092273.1 |
Clostera curtula | FR997798.1 |
Brenthis ino | OV170223.1 |
Fabriciana adippe | FR989984.1 |
Helicoverpa armigera | XM_021336800.1 |
Helicoverpa zea | XM_047182814.1 |
Boloria selene | HG993133.1 |
Nymphalis io | LR989897.1 |
Vanessa atalanta | XM_047686211.1 |
Hydriomena furcata | OU538826.1 |
Vanessa atalanta | LR990551.1 |
Zygaena filipendulae | OU015651.1 |
图2 白背飞虱ttk系统发育树分析
Fig.2 Phylogenetic analysis of ttk of Sogatella furcifera and other homologous sequences from insects
白背飞虱ttk所在位置用▲标识。
结果发现白背飞虱ttk含有典型的锌指模体结构和BTB结构域,即具有ttk的典型特征(
图3 白背飞虱ttk的保守结构域
Fig.3 The conserved domains of ttk gene of Sogatella furcifera
在白背飞虱中,ttk在1龄若虫期含量较高,2龄则下降到较低的水平,且差异达到显著水平。从3龄开始,随着龄期的增长,表达量也逐渐增加,到5龄若虫时,ttk表达量达到较高水平,是3龄若虫的2倍多(
图4 ttk基因在若虫期的表达水平
Fig.4 The expression level of ttk genes at nymph stage
数值以平均值±标准差表示(n=3),不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。
本研究首先测定获得了白背飞虱转录组数据,并从中搜索比对到相应的白背飞虱ttk 的 cDNA 序列,进一步采用开放阅读框分析,获得的开放阅读框序列全长1 377 bp,编码的蛋白质由458个氨基酸组成,包含有ttk的典型结构:BTB结构域和锌指结构。BTB结构域定义了一个基因家族,主要位于锌指蛋白的N末端,并且在从果蝇到哺乳动物的进化上是保守的(
定量PCR检测表明ttk在白背飞虱1龄若虫期含量较高,2龄则下降到较低的水平,从3龄开始,随着龄期的增长,表达量则逐渐增加。为何ttk在白背飞虱1龄若虫期含量较高?由于雌成虫中有许多基因大量表达并输送到卵中储存和发挥作用(
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