1.南京警察学院刑事科学技术学院,江苏 南京 210023
2.张家港市公安局,江苏 苏州 215600
3.公安部物证鉴定中心,北京 100010
4.兰州铁路公安处警务支援支队,甘肃 兰州 730050
5.苏州大学材料与化学化工学部,江苏 苏州 215123
王乐(1989年生),女;研究方向:法庭科学;E-mail:wangle@nfpc.edu.com;wang131yue@163.com
马荣梁(1975年生),男;研究方向:潜指纹显现;E-mail:rongliang.ma@cifs.gov.cn;marl2013@163.com
收稿:2025-12-03,
修回:2025-12-29,
录用:2026-01-04,
网络出版:2026-01,
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以氨基功能化聚对亚苯基亚乙烯(PPV-brPEI NPs)材料为研究对象,采用控制变量法系统评估其对潜指纹的显现效果,探索一种新型潜指纹显现方法。结果表明,使用PPV-brPEI NPs通过点滴法可实现最优的指纹显现清晰度,在硬币、粗糙手机壳、胶带等疑难客体表面均可清晰显现指纹的一级和二级特征;相较于传统的粉末法和502熏显法,该方法能有效克服承痕客体凹凸不平、复杂花纹或粘连性等因素对指纹显现的干扰。实验发现,指纹连续按捺次数(1~5次)、指纹按捺作用力的大小(0.2~0.7 N)以及指纹遗留时间(1~12 d)对显现效果未有显著影响,但PPV-brPEI NPs试剂对于DNA检测存在一定的抑制作用。该材料尤其适用于油脂类潜指纹的显现,在粗糙复杂背景或黏性表面等疑难客体上表现出良好的显现效果,为解决此类疑难客体的指纹显现问题提供了可行方案;其对DNA检测的抑制作用为后续试剂的性质改良提供方向。
The study aimed to explore new methods for revealing latent fingerprints by using amino-functionalized poly (p-phenylene vinylene) fluorescent
nanoparticles (PPV-brPEI NPs) as the research object. The results showed that the drop method using PPV-brPEI NPs yields the clearest fingerprints, and the number of consecutive fingerprint impressions (1~5 times), the force applied(0.2~0.7 N), and the age of the fingerprint(1~12 d) have little effect on the revelation effect. PPV-brPEI NPs can clearly reveal the morphological and detailed features of fingerprints on several difficult substrates such as coins, rough phone cases, and tape surfaces. Compared with traditional powder methods and 502 fuming methods, this method has advantages in eliminating the interference of uneven surfaces, complex patterns, and adhesion on fingerprint revelation. However, PPV-brPEI NPs have an inhibitory effect on DNA detection. All together suggested that PPV-brPEI NPs have certain advantages in revealing oily latent fingerprints, especially on difficult substrates such as rough and complex backgrounds and sticky surfaces, with good revelation effects. It can provide a solution to the problem of fingerprint revelation on difficult substrates. At the same time, the inhibitory effect of this reagent on DNA detection also suggested subsequent reagent improvement in the future.
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