华南农业大学海洋学院,广东 广州 540642; 华南农业大学中山创新中心,广东 中山 528400
丁昊(2001年生),男;研究方向:水产动物营养与饲料;E-mail:haoding@stu.scau.edu.cn;
何颖琳(1998年生),女;研究方向:水生生物学;E-mail:yinglinhe@stu.scau.edu.cn
徐超(1989年生),男;研究方向:水产动物营养与饲料;E-mail:xuc1213@scau.edu.cn
杨慧荣(1977年生),女;研究方向:水产养殖;E-mail:hry@scau.edu.cn;
收稿:2025-08-13,
修回:2025-10-16,
录用:2025-10-16,
网络首发:2025-10-27,
纸质出版:2026-03-25
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丁昊,何颖琳,李沃杏等.高温胁迫和恢复对牛蛙蝌蚪及幼蛙生长、变态和抗氧化功能的影响[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版)(中英文),2026,65(02):99-108.
DING Hao,HE Yinglin,LI Woxing,et al.Effects of high temperature stress and recovery on growth, metamorphosis and antioxidant function of bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeiana) in tadpoles and juvenile stage[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni,2026,65(02):99-108.
丁昊,何颖琳,李沃杏等.高温胁迫和恢复对牛蛙蝌蚪及幼蛙生长、变态和抗氧化功能的影响[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版)(中英文),2026,65(02):99-108. DOI: 10.13471/j.cnki.acta.snus.ZR20250170.
DING Hao,HE Yinglin,LI Woxing,et al.Effects of high temperature stress and recovery on growth, metamorphosis and antioxidant function of bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeiana) in tadpoles and juvenile stage[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni,2026,65(02):99-108. DOI: 10.13471/j.cnki.acta.snus.ZR20250170.
为探究牛蛙(
Lithobates catesbeiana
)在热应激下的生理调控特征,通过模拟高温及恢复环境,研究了水温对蝌蚪及幼蛙期生长、变态和抗氧化功能的影响。随机选取3 600尾开口摄食的牛蛙蝌蚪[7日龄,Gosner stage 25,(0.04±0.00) g/尾],随机分为12缸,每缸300尾,分别于24、27和30 ℃水温下养殖80 d;其后,将变态后的幼蛙在24 ℃水温下继续养殖56 d。结果显示,蝌蚪阶段,末均质量(FBW)、增质量率(WGR)和特定生长率(SGR)在24和27 ℃组间的差异无统计学意义(
P
>0.05),但它们的值均显著高于30 ℃组蝌蚪(
P
<0.05);27 ℃组蝌蚪的雄性率和变态率显著高于24 ℃组,但显著低于30 ℃组(
P
<0.05)。24 ℃水温养殖下的幼蛙,FBW、WGR、SGR和存活率在24和27 ℃组间的差异无统计学意义(
P
>0.05),但它们的值均显著高于30 ℃组幼蛙(
P
<0.05)。在肠道酶活性上,幼蛙肠道蛋白酶和肌酸激酶活性在24和27 ℃组间的差异无统计学意义(
P
>0.05),但它们均显著低于30 ℃组(
P
<0.05);24 ℃组幼蛙肠道的脂肪酶和酸性磷酸酶活性显著高于27和30 ℃组幼蛙(
P
<0.05)。在抗氧化能力指标上,幼蛙肠道超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性在24和27 ℃组间的差异无统计学意义(
P
>0.05),但它们均显著高于30 ℃组(
P
<0.05)。肝脏谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、SOD和CAT活性及丙二醛含量在24和27 ℃组间的差异无统计学意义(
P
>0.05),但它们均显著低于30 ℃组(
P
<0.05);27和30 ℃组幼蛙肝脏的总抗氧化能力值则显著高于24 ℃组幼蛙(
P
<0.05)。综上,27 ℃水温能促进牛蛙蝌蚪的生长和变态,并能够增强应激后幼蛙体内的抗氧化能力,提高幼蛙的生长性能。
To investigate the physiological regulation of bullfrogs (
Lithobates catesbeiana
) under long-term heat stress, this study simulated a high-temperature and recovery environment to examine the effects of water temperature on growth, metamorphosis, and antioxidant function during the tadpole and juvenile stages. Thre
e thousand six hundred bullfrog tadpoles at Gosner stage 25 [7 d old; (0.04±0.00) g] were randomly divided into 12 tanks, with 300 individuals per tank, and reared for 80 days at water temperatures of 24, 27, and 30 ℃, respectively. Subsequently, post-metamorphic juveniles were maintained at 24 ℃ for an additional 56 days. The results showed that, during the tadpole stage, final body weight (FBW), weight gain rate (WGR), and specific growth rate (SGR) did not differ significantly between the 24 and 27 ℃ groups(
P
>0.05), but their values were all significantly higher than those of tadpoles in the 30 ℃ group(
P
<0.05). The male ratio and metamorphosis rate in the 27 ℃ group were significantly higher than those in the 24 ℃ group, but lower in the 30 °C group(
P
<0.05). For juveniles reared at 24 ℃, FBW, WGR, SGR, and survival rate showed no significant differences between the 24 and 27 ℃ groups(
P
>0.05), but their values were all significantly higher than those in the 30 ℃ group(
P
<0.05). In terms of intestinal enzyme activity, protease and creatine kinase activities in juveniles did not differ significantly between the 24 and 27 ℃ groups(
P
>0.05), but both were significantly lower than those in the 30 group(
P
<0.05); lipase and acid phosphatase activities in the 24 ℃ group were significantly higher than those in the 27 and 30 ℃ groups(
P
<0.05). Regarding antioxidant indices, intestinal superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in the 24 and 27 ℃ groups were not significantly different(
P
>0.05), but both were significantly higher than those in the 30 ℃ group(
P
<0.05). In the liver, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, SOD, and CAT activities, as well as malondialdehyde content, did not differ significantly between the 24 and 27 ℃ groups(
P
>0.05), but all were significantly lower than those in the 30 ℃
group(
P
<0.05). The hepatic total antioxidant capacity values of juveniles in the 27 and 30 ℃ groups were significantly higher than those in the 24 ℃ group(
P
<0.05). In conclusion, a water temperature of 27 ℃ can promote the growth performance, metamorphosis rate, and male ratio of bullfrog tadpoles, and can enhance the antioxidant capacity of juveniles after stress, thereby improving juvenile growth performance. These findings suggest that maintaining 27 ℃ during the tadpole stage could optimize bullfrog aquaculture in subtropical regions under summer heat waves.
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