1.甘肃民族师范学院能源与动力工程学院,甘肃 合作 747000
2.甘肃民族师范学院化学与生命科学学院,甘肃 合作 747000
3.兰州城市学院地理与环境工程学院,甘肃 兰州 730070
4.贵州大学物理学院,贵州 贵阳 550025
作者简介:Zhang Zhilong(zhangzhl2007@lzu.edu.cn)
收稿:2026-04-02,
修回:2026-05-13,
录用:2026-05-27,
网络首发:2026-07-08,
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刘子恒, 章志龙, 刘汉成, 等. 基于辛普森积分法的红外光谱分析冬虫夏草中腺苷含量[J/OL]. 中山大学学报(自然科学版)(中英文), 2026,1-15.
Liu Ziheng, Zhang Zhilong, Liu Hancheng, et al. Simpson's rule-assisted infrared spectroscopic analysis of adenosine in
刘子恒, 章志龙, 刘汉成, 等. 基于辛普森积分法的红外光谱分析冬虫夏草中腺苷含量[J/OL]. 中山大学学报(自然科学版)(中英文), 2026,1-15. DOI: 10.11714/acta.snus.ZR20260081.
Liu Ziheng, Zhang Zhilong, Liu Hancheng, et al. Simpson's rule-assisted infrared spectroscopic analysis of adenosine in
针对传统腺苷含量测定方法样品前处理复杂、操作耗时等局限,本研究采用傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱结合化学计量学方法,建立了冬虫夏草中腺苷含量的快速检测模型。基于FTIR光谱与辛普森积分法则,提出了一种快速、高效、无损的定量分析方法。对77份冬虫夏草样品进行光谱数据采集,经统计分析从1 868个原始数据点中筛选出1 365个显著数据点,确定了5个关键波数区间(399.19~833.29、1 033.36~1 380.46、1 710.13~1 790.89、1 870.56~3 020.78和3 980.46–3 999.71 cm
-1
)。提取了4类光谱特征变量:峰面积(
A
)、半峰全宽(FWHM)、峰面积与峰高比值(
A
/
H
)以及光谱波段平均吸光度(MBA)。将62份样品(80%)划分为训练-验证集,采用5折交叉验证建立多元线性回归(MLR)和偏最小二乘回归(PLSR)模型;其余15份样品(20%)作为独立测试集用于模型泛化能力验证。FTIR特征分析表明,冬虫夏草的主要吸收峰位于3 289.17 cm
-1
(O—H伸缩振动)、2 928.53 cm
-1
(C—H不对称伸缩振动)和1 652.72 cm
-1
(酰胺I带)。建
模结果表明,
A
/
H
比值特征在校正集上表现最优(MLR:
R
²=0.941±0.029),但存在严重过拟合现象(Δ
R
²=0.225);PLSR-MBA组合模型获得了最佳的交叉验证性能(
R
²=0.807±0.031,RMSE=0.189±0.005),且过拟合程度最小(Δ
R
²=0.078)。独立测试集验证进一步证实了PLSR-MBA模型具有更优的预测精度与稳健性(
R
²=0.886,RMSE=0.107),显著优于MLR-
A
/
H
模型(
R
²=0.845,RMSE=0.169)。PLSR-MBA组合模型在拟合精度、泛化能力与抗过拟合性之间实现了最佳平衡,推荐作为冬虫夏草腺苷含量快速定量分析的首选方法。本研究为中药光谱定量分析中的特征提取与建模策略选择提供了重要的理论依据与实践指导。
To solve the limitations of traditional adenosine content determination methods
such as complex sample preparation and time-consuming operations
in this study
Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometric methods was employed to establish a rapid detection model for adenosine content in
Cordyceps sinensis
. A rapid
efficient
and non-destructive quantitative method was proposed based on FTIR spectroscopy integrated with Simpson's integration rule. Spectral data were collected from 77 samples of
C. sinensis
. Through statistical analysis
1 365 significant data points were screened from 1 868 original data points
determining five critical wavenumber regions (399.19-833.29
1 033.36-1 380.46
1 710.13-1 790.89
1 870.56-3 020.78
and 3 980.46-3 999.71 cm
-1
). Four types of spectral characteristic variables—peak area (
A
)
full width at half maximum (FWHM)
area-to-height (
H
) ratio (
A
/
H
)
and mean absorbance of the spectral band (MBA). A total of 62 samples (80%) were allocated as the training-validation set for 5-fold cross-validation to establish Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) and Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) models; the remaining 15 samples (20%) served as an independent test set for model generalization validation. FTIR characteristic analysis revealed that the principal absorption peak
s of
C. sinensis
were located at 3 289.17 cm
-1
(O—H stretching)
2 928.53 cm
-1
(asymmetric C—H stretching)
and 1 652.72 cm
-1
(amide I band). Modeling results demonstrated that the
A
/
H
ratio feature exhibited optimal performance on the calibration set (MLR:
R
²=0.941±0.029)
but suffered from severe overfitting (Δ
R
²=0.225); the PLSR-MBA combined model achieved the best cross-validation performance (
R
²=0.807±0.031
RMSE=0.189±0.005) with minimal overfitting (Δ
R
²=0.078). Independent test set validation further confirmed the superior predictive accuracy and robustness of the PLSR-MBA model (
R
²=0.886
RMSE=0.107)
significantly outperforming the MLR-
A
/
H
model (
R
²=0.845
RMSE=0.169). The PLSR-MBA combined model achieves an optimal balance among fitting accuracy
generalization capability
and overfitting resistance
and is recommended as the preferred method for rapid quantitative analysis of adenosine content in
C. sinensis
. This study provides important theoretical basis and practical guidance for feature extraction and modeling strategy selection in spectral quantitative analysis of traditional Chinese medicines.
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