1.中山大学生态学院,广东 深圳 518107
2.江西官山国家级自然保护区管理局,江西 宜春 336300
邱海燕(2002年生),女;研究方向:植物生理生态;E-mail:qiuhy29@mail2.sysu.edu.cn
刘蔚秋(1970年生),女;研究方向:植物生理生态学和环境修复;E-mail:lsslwq@mail.sysu.edu.cn
收稿:2025-12-18,
修回:2026-01-12,
录用:2026-02-11,
网络首发:2026-04,
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邱海燕, 方平福, 黄淑珍, 等. 官山珍稀濒危植物种群生态位特征[J/OL]. 中山大学学报(自然科学版)(中英文), 2026,1-8.
QIU Haiyan, FANG Pingfu, HUANG Shuzhen, et al. Niche characteristics of rare and endangered plant populations in Guanshan[J/OL]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni, 2026, 1-8.
邱海燕, 方平福, 黄淑珍, 等. 官山珍稀濒危植物种群生态位特征[J/OL]. 中山大学学报(自然科学版)(中英文), 2026,1-8. DOI: 10.11714/acta.snus.ZR20250261.
QIU Haiyan, FANG Pingfu, HUANG Shuzhen, et al. Niche characteristics of rare and endangered plant populations in Guanshan[J/OL]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni, 2026, 1-8. DOI: 10.11714/acta.snus.ZR20250261.
探究珍稀濒危植物种群生态位特征,有助于掌握珍稀濒危植物的濒危状况并提高物种保护的效率。依据166个20 m×20 m的样方数据,研究了江西官山国家级自然保护区21种珍稀濒危木本植物的生态位特征。利用Levins指数和Shannon
指数评估21种珍稀濒危木本植物的生态位宽度,用Schoener生态位相似性比例以及Pianka生态位重叠指数研究它们资源利用情况。结果表明:1)生态位宽度最大的为瘿椒树
Tapiscia sinensis
,其后依次为南方红豆杉
Taxus wallichiana
var
. mairei
、乐昌含笑(
Michelia chapensis
)和红椿
Toona ciliata
等,生态位宽度最小的为庐山芙蓉
Hibiscus paramutabilis
。线性回归分析表明生态位宽度与重要值呈显著正相关,与重要值变异系数呈显著负相关。2)官山珍稀濒危植物对资源的利用差异较大,生态位相似性比例(
C
ik
)和生态位重叠指数(
O
ik
)均较低。
C
ik
和
O
ik
最大值均是由红椿和穗花杉
Amentotaxus argotaenia
组成的物种对(
C
ik
:0.44,
O
ik
:0.53),反映了二者资源利用的相似性。3)线性回归分析表明物种对的
O
ik
及
C
ik
值和物种对的生态位宽度均值之间均存在显著正相关,表明生态位宽度较大的物种间占用相同生态位的概率更大。研究结果为保护区优化保护管理资源配置,制定具有针对性的保护计划提供了科学依据。
Investigating the niche characteristics of rare and endangered plant populations is crucial to understanding their endangered status and enhancing protection efficiency. Based on data from 166 20 m×20 m quadrats, this study examined the niche characteristics of 21 rare and endangered woody plant species in Guanshan National Nature Reserve, Jiangxi Province. The niche breadth of these 21 species was assessed using the Levins and Shannon indices, and their resource utilization differentiation was studied using the Schoener's niche similarity proportion (
C
ik
) and Pianka's niche overlap index (
O
ik
). The results indicate that: 1) The species with the largest niche breadth was
Tapiscia sinensis
, followed by
Taxus wallichiana
var.
mairei
,
Michelia chapensis
, and
Toona ciliata
, while the species with the smallest niche breadth was
Hibiscus paramutabilis
. Linear regression analysis showed a significant positive correlation between niche breadth and importance value,
and a significant negative correlation with the coefficient of variation of importance value. 2) Rare and endangered plants in Guanshan displayed considerable differences in resource utilization, with both the niche similarity proportion (
C
ik
) and niche overlap index (
O
ik
) being relatively low. The maximum values of
C
ik
and
O
ik
were observed for the species pair
Toona ciliata
and
Amentotaxus argotaenia
(
C
ik
:0.44,
O
ik
:0.53), reflecting their similar resource utilization. 3) Linear regression analysis showed a significant positive correlation between the
O
ik
and
C
ik
values of species pairs and the mean niche breadth of the pairs, indicating that species with wider niche breadths have a higher probability of occupying similar ecological niches. These findings provide a scientific basis for optimizing the allocation of conservation and management resources and designing targeted conservation plans in the nature reserve.
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